herbstluftwm

                 startx
                   | f/e
                   V
              ~/.xinitrc
                   | f/e or exec
    IPC-Call       V
    .- - - -> herbstluftwm           __________________
  ."            /     \             | Symbol | Meaning |
  .            /       \            |--------+---------|
  .       f/e /         \ f/e       |  A     | A forks |
  .          /           \          |  | f/e | and     |
  .         V             V         |  V     | execs   |
  .     autostart       xterm       |  B     | into B  |
  .         |             |         |________|_________|
  .     f/e |             | f/e
  .         V             V
   --  herbstclient     $SHELL

# GIMP
# ensure there is a gimp tag
hc add gimp
hc load gimp '
(split horizontal:0.850000:0
(split horizontal:0.200000:1
(clients vertical:0)
(clients grid:0))
(clients vertical:0))
'               # load predefined layout
# center all other gimp windows on gimp tag
hc rule class=Gimp tag=gimp index=01 pseudotile=on
hc rule class=Gimp windowrole~'gimp-(image-window|toolbox|dock)' \
pseudotile=off
hc rule class=Gimp windowrole=gimp-toolbox focus=off index=00
hc rule class=Gimp windowrole=gimp-dock focus=off index=1

hc load 7 '(split horizontal:0.15:1 (clients horizontal:0) (clients grid:4))'
hc rule class="Gajim" tag=7 index=1
hc rule class="Gajim" windowrole="roster" tag=7 index=0

imtag=7 # just set the name of the tag here
hc load "$imtag" '(split horizontal:0.800000:0 (clients grid:0) (clients vertical:0))'
hc rule class=Pidgin   windowrole=buddy_list tag=$imtag index=1 focus=off
hc rule class=Pidgin ! windowrole=buddy_list tag=$imtag index=0

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Requirement: bash >= 4.0 (because of the usage of $BASHPID)

spawn_with_rules() {(
    # this rule also requires, that the client
    # sets the _NET_WM_PID property
    herbstclient rule once pid=$BASHPID maxage=10 "${RULES[@]}"
    exec "$@"
    ) &
}

# spawn an xterm with uname info, but not where the focus is
RULES=( index='/' focus=off )
spawn_with_rules xterm -e 'uname -a ; read'

# spawn an xterm in pseudotile mode
RULES=( pseudotile=on focus=on )
spawn_with_rules xterm

hc unrule --all      # clear rules
hc rule focus=on     # focus new clients by default

source /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/herbstclient

alias hc='herbstclient'

complete -F _herbstclient_complete -o nospace hc

hc rule instance=<instancename> pseudotile=on

hc substitute ALGO settings.default_frame_layout \
    foreach T tags.by-name. \
    sprintf ATTR '%c.tiling.root.algorithm' T \
    set_attr ATTR ALGO

# add an external panel
{
    pids=( )
    # reserve some space for the panel on monitor 0
    hc pad 0 "" "" 31
    # start the panel itself and remember its pid
    xfce4-panel -d --sm-client-disable &
    pids+=( $! )
    # or start another panel:
    # mypanel &
    # pids+=( $! )
    # wait until the panels should be stopped
    herbstclient -w '(quit_panel|reload)'
    # stopp all started panels
    kill ${pids[@]}
} &

hc keybind $Mod-p spawn dmenu_run_hlwm

# Replace the default section for tags in your autostart by the following:
# This is the default tag section of the autostart, with a single change:
# In the use_index keybinding, check the presence of the my_monitor attribute,
# before focusing the desired tag.
hc rename default "${tag_names[0]}" || true
for i in ${!tag_names[@]} ; do
    hc add "${tag_names[$i]}"
    key="${tag_keys[$i]}"
    if ! [ -z "$key" ] ; then
        # first check if the tag is locked to some monitor.
        # if so, first focus the monitor
        hc keybind "$Mod-$key" \
            chain , silent substitute M tags."$i".my_monitor \
                        focus_monitor M \
                  , use_index "$i"
        hc keybind "$Mod-Shift-$key" move_index "$i"
    fi
done

# Add a keybinding for locking the current tag to the monitor it is displayed
# on. This is done by saving the current monitor index in the my_monitor
# attribute of the focused tag. If the monitor has a (nonempty) name, use the
# monitor name instead of its index.
herbstclient keybind $Mod-t chain \
    , new_attr string tags.focus.my_monitor \
    , substitute M monitors.focus.index set_attr tags.focus.my_monitor M \
    , try and \
        . compare monitors.focus.name != "" \
        . substitute M monitors.focus.name \
                set_attr tags.focus.my_monitor M

# Add a keybinding for removing the lock
herbstclient keybind $Mod-Shift-t \
    remove_attr tags.focus.my_monitor

# Statically define which tag should be send to which monitor
lock_tag_to_monitor() {
    herbstclient chain \
        , new_attr string tags.by-name."$1".my_monitor \
        , set_attr tags.by-name."$1".my_monitor "$2"
}
# Already lock some of the tags to a monitor, for example:
# lock the second tag to the monitor with index 0
lock_tag_to_monitor 2 0

# tags
mon1_names=( 1_{1..5} ) # tag names for monitor 1
mon2_names=( 2_{1..5} ) # tag names for monitor 2
fallback_names=( {1..5} ) # tag names for all other monitors
tag_keys=( {1..9} 0 )

hc rename default "${mon1_names[0]}" || true
for tag in "${mon1_names[@]}" "${mon2_names[@]}" "${fallback_names[@]}" ; do
    hc try silent add "$tag"
done

for i in ${!tag_keys[@]} ; do
    key="${tag_keys[$i]}"
    # the keybinding works as follows: the or executes the commands separated by
    # CASE and stops executing them after the first of those succeeds.
    # the first command is: check that we are on monitor 3 and can switch to tag "${mon1_names[$i]}"
    # if only one of these two steps fail, try the second one (and so one).
    # The setup for two monitors is as follows:
    hc keybind "$Mod-$key" \
        or CASE and . compare monitors.focus.index = 0 . use "${mon1_names[$i]}" \
           CASE and . compare monitors.focus.index = 1 . use "${mon2_names[$i]}" \
           CASE use "${fallback_names[$i]}"
    hc keybind "$Mod-Shift-$key" \
        or CASE and . compare monitors.focus.index = 0 . move "${mon1_names[$i]}" \
           CASE and . compare monitors.focus.index = 1 . move "${mon2_names[$i]}" \
           CASE move "${fallback_names[$i]}"
done

# cycle through tags
# add additional information in order to cycle only through a monitor's tags
# and not through all tags
define-tag-cycle() {
    local n=$#
    local tags=( "$@" )
    for i in "${!tags[@]}" ; do
        local t="${tags[$i]}"
        hc chain , new_attr string tags.by-name."$t".my_previous_tag \
                 , set_attr tags.by-name."$t".my_previous_tag "${tags[$(((i - 1 + n) % n))]}" \
                 , new_attr string tags.by-name."$t".my_next_tag \
                 , set_attr tags.by-name."$t".my_next_tag "${tags[$(((i + 1) % n))]}"
    done
}

define-tag-cycle "${mon1_names[@]}"
define-tag-cycle "${mon2_names[@]}"
define-tag-cycle "${fallback_names[@]}"

# cycle through tags
# check whether the current tag as a custom "next tag" configured
# if yes, jump to that one, otherwise fall back to ordinary use_index +1
hc keybind $Mod-period or , substitute NEXT tags.focus.my_next_tag use NEXT  \
                          , use_index +1 --skip-visible
hc keybind $Mod-comma  or , substitute PREV tags.focus.my_previous_tag use PREV  \
                          , use_index +1 --skip-visible

hc keybind $Mod-Shift-h or / shift left / \
    chain , lock , shift_to_monitor -l , focus_monitor -l , unlock
hc keybind $Mod-Shift-j or / shift down / \
    chain , lock , shift_to_monitor -d , focus_monitor -d , unlock
hc keybind $Mod-Shift-k or / shift up / \
    chain , lock , shift_to_monitor -u , focus_monitor -u , unlock
hc keybind $Mod-Shift-l or / shift right / \
    chain , lock , shift_to_monitor -r , focus_monitor -r , unlock

herbstclient silent new_attr bool my_not_first_autostart

if hc silent new_attr bool my_not_first_autostart ; then
    /path/to/examples/exec_on_tag.sh web firefox &
    pidgin &
fi

hc keybind Mod4-Ctrl-m \
   substitute FOCUS "tags.focus.name" \
   foreach CLIENT clients. \
     sprintf MINATT "%c.minimized" CLIENT \
     sprintf TAGATT "%c.tag" CLIENT and \
       , compare MINATT "=" "true" \
       , compare TAGATT "=" FOCUS \
       , set_attr MINATT false